What is a samovar?

Each piece, like any living creature has its own cycle of existence, its own special way, the circle of development. For example, a pot: many thousands of years ago, someone from the first ancient people produced that piece of clay. For centuries, the pots become more beautiful, more comfortable, more durable. Once among the kitchen pots at the forefront. Now, however, rare in a lady left this traditional dishes, use it except for cooking according to ancient recipes. 

Some things are generally gone out of use, some stayed in the present, and some will long maintain our life, our life. Such items include the samovar - it is now experiencing its second youth: someone appreciates it as a collectible, but to someone it is interesting from a purely practical point of view - very comfortable it for tea, and the special atmosphere of comfort and family of heat occurs 
the table on which flaunts a samovar. 
Samovar has a long and very interesting story. It is closely connected with the history of Russia, Russian life. In a relatively short historical time samovar has managed to become a necessary item in the life of every Russian. Without the samovar not do any family event or a reception in the capital or the province in almost every family there were a "miracle water heater." "What're used to someone from the county, will go there in the evening near the guest - and immediately," samovar? "And so puffs on the table as a symbol of hospitality, home zheltobryuhoe deity. and refreshments on the tablecloth - freshly brewed in a samovar as eggs, and honey, and pretzels to mochalnoy complication ...». 
Even now, many families have a samovar. This long life is connected with the main task of the samovar - preparation of boiled water for tea. This drink, which appeared in Russia in the XVII century, has become one of the most beloved and tea - a traditional ritual of reception. No tea can not imagine our life. Tolstoy admitted: "I had to drink lots of tea, because without it, could not work. Released from the tea of the opportunities to torye dozing in the depths of my soul, making it possible to build ...». 
 
The largest center of production of samovars at that time and later became Tula, which is rightly called the samovar capital. It was here that factories with machine production and steam engines. Since the 1870s, factory production was measured not poods, and the dozen. Samovar products are widely gaining market share. Due to the large demand for them and the desire to reduce the cost of production is standardization of forms and decoration of the samovar . The main are samovars, "vase", "glass" cylinder "banks". They can be found in the families of workers, wealthy peasants, the merchants' houses, inns, and taverns in the tea. 
Samovars the second half of XIX - early XX century were a variety of everyday names pointing to the shape of the article: "Bank", "glass", "vase", "egg", "acorn", "module" (pear shaped), "Turnip , "" Easter egg "," flame ", etc. When decorating samovars were popular ornamental motifs in the Russian style or in his version -" Byzantine style "in the style of" neo "," neorokoko "and other areas of historicism. Decorated with plant ornamentation and their fashion style in "romantic" of modernity. One of the favorite methods of color solution is a combination of copper and brass. 
The most widespread are samovars, "banks", smooth, 
cylindrical shape. In terms of value, they were the cheapest available for simple, not rich, man. It was this form chosen for samovars tavern and shop designed for street trading. 
Samovar, "Turnip," a smart, nickel was worth a bit more expensive, and it is often also called the merchant. 
One of the most popular forms becomes a "glass"-body narrows down the samovar, and his thin neck like the leg of the glasses. 
Samovar with a round torso called samovar "ball." In Tula, they were also called "Persian" - it is a form most commonly ordered for export to countries in the east, Persia, Turkey. 
Samovar ovoid - the "egg" and "Easter egg" (the upper part in such a samovar was much narrower than the bottom, just in egg-shaped - on the contrary); samovar pear shaped, samovars in a cup - they became favorites of Russian families, the most different in their affluence and position. 
Still remained popular "vase", but now faces the surface of the bead, "spoons", "columns", "medallions", "ovals." Some parts of the body are decorated with engraved, hand or mechanical. The form of the vase caught on and ran down to our time, because of its decoration it was used for the production of samovars, intended for the nobility, high officials, the big bourgeoisie. 
 
Russian samovar, as we know it today, appeared in the first half of XVIII century. 
The design of it is so perfect that has remained unchanged for centuries. Changed only the form, materials and decoration. 


In different parts of Russia, this item was called in different ways: in Tula - samovar electric water heater or, in Yaroslavl - samogar in Kursk - samokipets in Vyatka - samogrey. By definition, Vladimir Ivanovich Dal, a samovar - "Hot water, tea, container, mostly copper, with a pipe and brazier inside." Its main purpose and features of the device: heating water with an inner tube, a brazier.

The internal design of flame samovar 
 
Samovar electric complex in design than the flame, it's very simple. Housing with handles, inside - flue on a massive but hollow ground. In the tube is placed burning charcoal, and he stays down on the grid in the flow of air that enters the hole in the ground. The air heats up and climbing up the flame tube, gives off heat the water in the samovar, and not as in an electric samovar . A large surface of the pipe quickly bring water to a boil and maintains the temperature. The natural current of warm air up creates a craving in the furnace. It is attached to the bottom of the body there are a samovar at some distance from the surface of the table, on which is placed in the samovar. The distance is adjusted legs samovar, which gives it stability and fire safety. The pipe to put on the cover of the body, hot plates, cover the pipe. After the pipe is laid fuel and fueling the samovar. For the introduction of water is removed lid of the vessel. To fill the cup is a convenient faucet with ground surfaces. A crane, which is filled with water from the samovar, located a short distance from the bottom, so the suspension does not fall into the cup. 
The most noticeable part of the samovar, often has a nice shape - it's body, torso, or wall, as it was called samovarschiki. The housing is filled with water for boiling. 
The second part, no less important - a special chamber for the fuel, it is in the center of the body, inside. It was made in a tube and filled with coals. This tube is called a Dutch oven or pot, as it often resembles a form. At the bottom of the jar or Griddles is a lattice, which is put fuel. The body is connected to the lower part - the tray, the base of the samovar, which carries legs. The transition from the body of the pallet is called the neck - it is more narrow than the actual torso, the upper part of the neck are ash-pit - holes, usually decorative scheme, through which the air necessary to maintain the combustion process in a roasting pan. The side of the housing contains the handle - pair, curved metal plate with a wooden roller between them - for carrying a samovar.